Types of Marijuana
Marijuana is the only plant known to produce the active ingredients called cannabinoids. Over the course of evolution, there has developed two major types of marijuana, Cannabis Indica and Cannabis Sativa. Although there are famous Asian and African sativas, indica is often associated with India and Asia Major, while sativa was thought to be the predominant type in the Americas. Now, there are innumerable sorts of potent mix-blends and genetic permutations being bred. There is such an expanding gamut of medical variations and options for any particular need or application is growing also.
Cannabis indica has been the primary source for marijuana-based medicines of the past. It is high in the kind of cannabinoids that produce relaxation and pain relief. It was usually in liquid form, often combined with other drugs. Cannabis sativa is generally more psychoactive than indica, due to having a higher ratio of THC, the cannabinoid that gets one "high". THC heightens visual, audio and other sensations, and can cause hallucinations and or anxiety in larger doses. Sativa is considered to be more recreational, whereas indica is considered more sedative. Both types have good results with different types of pain.
These are broad generalizations, and both sativa and indica types have strains that don't fit this pattern. The overall effect on the body and mind results from the blend and balance of the many different cannabinoids present in any given strain. New strains are being developed all the time, the variety and number of medicine strains available today is staggering - several hundred at least
Physically, the cannabis indica plant is short and broad, more bush like compared to the sativa, which can reach 18 feet or more in height. The buds of the indica are rounder, more nuggety, and the leaves are wider and shorter than the cannabis sativa leaves which can be more needle-like and longer. Additionally, as a marker, sativa buds are more elongated, keeping with the theme of being the thin one in the family. Indica fragrance often has more of a heavy eminence (dank) when comparing to sativa which smells brighter, more spicey. Indica provides some of the most fragrant and dense smoke, readily inducing cough reactions.
Both types of cannabis can be high in terpenes, the fragrance molecules giving off a pine/turpentine pungence that indicates medicinal potency. Many patients state they can determine a marijuana's type by simply smelling it. That is perfectly logical, since it is a specific scent molecule that gives a specific cannabinoid its unique qualities. Exploring the various strains of cannabis is akin to sampling wine, each variety has something special to appreciate, such as aroma, taste, color, etc.
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